Synchronic Perspective:

Raphael’s painting of Jesus on the cross, viewed from a synchronic perspective, powerfully portrays the emotional and spiritual climax of Jesus’ mission to save humanity. The two hands of Jesus are seen nailed to the cross, and blood dripping out. The same applies to the feet, which are brought together and nailed to the cross with blood issuing out. The pain and the agony are expressed in the face of Jesus in the heat of the day. The figures at the foot of the cross, believed to be Mary, Mary Magdalene, John, and possibly Peter, are depicted in deep mourning. Their distinct facial expressions and gestures vividly convey the depth of their sorrow and despair, drawing the viewer into the emotional intensity of the scene.

Diachronic Perspective:

In the diachronic context, Raphael’s painting of Christ’s crucifixion powerfully reflects the central event in the Christian faith. The two angels, depicted holding chalices to collect the blood dripping from Jesus Christ’s wounds on the cross, play a significant role. Their presence underscores the gravity and significance of Jesus’s sacrifice and the concept of atonement in Christian theology.

What Critics say:

Many critics praise Raphael’s painting of Jesus Christ’s crucifixion for its emotional intensity and masterful use of light and shadow. His attention to detail and the interplay of light and shadow bring the crucifixion to life, making it a powerful and moving portrayal. The presence of the angels and the depth of their compassion further underscore the divine backing of Jesus’ work, making it a standout piece in the National Gallery. The other thing is that the soldiers who administered this atrocity to the Lord should have been captured, especially those who pierced his side with the sword.